16 by: Simran Gill

Student – Simran Gill

Enzyme – Beta-Galactosidase

E.C Number – 3.2.1.23

The enzyme beta-galactosidase is present in various organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and yeasts. In plants, it can be found in fruits such as peaches, apples, and apricots, as well as in almonds. Additionally, beta-galactosidase is located in lysosomes within the human body. β-galactosidase is a glycoside hydrolase enzyme that facilitates the breakdown of β-galactosides into monosaccharides by cleaving glycosidic bonds. This process allows organisms to derive energy and carbon by hydrolyzing lactose into galactose and glucose which can then enter glycolysis. Beta-galactosidase plays a significant role in various biological processes, including promoting plant growth, facilitating lactose hydrolysis, and aiding in fruit ripening.

One benefit of beta-galactosidase is its ability to break down lactose, enabling the production of lactose-free milk and other dairy products. This makes dairy accessible to those who are lactose intolerant.

References:

Saqib, S., Akram, A., Halim, S. A., & Tassaduq, R. (2017). Sources of β-galactosidase and its applications in food industry. 3 Biotech, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-017-0645-5

GLB1 gene: MedlinePlus Genetics. (n.d.). https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/glb1/#references

Wikipedia contributors. (2024, August 23). Β-Galactosidase. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92-Galactosidase

Fidalgo, D. M., Agusti, R., & D’Accorso, N. B. (2022). Enzyme immobilization using chitosan systems. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780128210581000083