24 by: Blake Malyk
Student – Blake Malyk
Name of Enzyme & E.C. number – Cytochrome P450 Oxidase; 1.14
Where is enzyme found? The cytochrome p450 oxidase enzyme is primarily found in the liver, specifically on the endoplasmic reticulum. This enzyme superfamily can also be found in other cells though out the body, such as the mitochondria of the adrenal gland.
What does the enzyme do? The purpose of the cytochrome p450 oxidase enzyme is to convert xenobiotics (drugs, medicines from outside of the body) into soluble molecules that can be removed from the blood stream and excreted out of the body. It does this through the addition of a hydroxy group on the substrate, making the molecule polar, restricting it from crossing cell membranes. Without this enzyme, whatever drug, medicine, or toxins that get into the body would never be removed from the bloodstream, making the effects permanent, likely ending in an overdose.
Any other interesting facts or important information on your enzyme – This process, while mainly used to get rid pf xenobiotics from the body, when used with a prodrug, can enhance the potency of the product significantly (ex. Codeine to morphine).
References
- – Guengerich, F. P., & Isin, E. M. (2007). Mechanisms of cytochrome P450 reactions. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 20(4), 538-551. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=a4a93bb3be56c1af524fe512b4367f8d97f49792
- – Guengerich, F. P. (2018). Mechanisms of cytochrome P450-catalyzed oxidations. ACS Catalysis, 8(12), 10964-10976. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.8b03401
- – [drawittoknowit]. (2020, Apr 20). Cytochrome P450 Catalytic Cycle [Video]. Youtube. https://youtu.be/3XPH1L1CEMk?si=5O6YRTdFI6StbQmI
- – [universityofrochesterbioch807]. (2017, June 2). Cytochrome P450 [Video]. Youtube. https://youtu.be/rUSOtkvZx_k?si=GJJqM6kmCr_vzdgG
